Building Blog application using Django In this post we will build a Todo application using Django, before going through this application, Let us create a directory to keep your code segregated ```bash $ mkdir todo $ cd todo ``` You need to have python and virtual environment installed ```bash sudo apt-get install python3 sudo apt-get install python3-pip sudo apt-get install python3-venv ``` Second let us create virtual environment ```bash python3 -m venv venvtodo ``` Before we start with actual django project, we need to activate project creation ```bash source venv/bin/activate ``` for windows use following command ```bash venvtodo\Scripts\activate.bat ``` Install django ```bash pip3 install Django ``` If you want to install specific version of Django, you can use following command ```bash pip3 install Django==4.0.2 ``` Start Project ```bash django-admin startproject todo cd todo python3 manage.py runserver ``` if you want to run Django on differnt port ```bash python manage.py runserver 9000 ``` You will see following output on screen ``` python manage.py runserver Watching for file changes with StatReloader Performing system checks... System check identified no issues (0 silenced). You have 18 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions. Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them. February 27, 2022 - 11:07:13 Django version 4.0.2, using settings 'todoapp.settings' Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/ Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK ``` and following will be visible in browser  Django project is split into apps. Each app handles specific tasks or function. Let us create a application for managing our todo list. ```bash python3 manage.py startapp todoapp ``` Once app is created, it needs to be registered in settings.py ```python INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'todoapp', ] ``` urls.py is not created inside app directory, we need to create `todoapp\urls.py` manually. ```python from django.urls import path from . import views app_name = 'todoapp' urlpatterns = [ path('', views.index, name='index'), ] ``` To have application urls accessible from main project, we need to add this urls.py with main project ```python from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import include, path # Add include here urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('todo/', include('todoapp.urls')),# Add this line ] ``` Before doing further changes let us create sample view in `todoapp/views.py` we will edit this file later for more details but we need to create this view to avoid any error while running intermediate command. ```python from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404, redirect def index(request): context = "This is coming from view" return render(request, 'todo/index.html',{'context':context}) ``` create a tolder `templates` inside `todoapp` folder. Create subfolder `todo` inside `templates` folder. You might be thinking why we need `todo` folder again inside templates folder. Well, when you run `runstatic` command, django will consolidate all templates, css and js files in projectwide central static folder. If you have multiple apps in your django project, there is possibility that template names may be common across projects e.g. `index.html` Now when you run django project using `python3 manage.py runserver` you will see following error.  This is because we have not yet handled our base url, we have created an application which is server at `/todo`. If you keep this blank, you application will be server from base url. # Creating Model ```python from django.db import models from django.utils import timezone STATUS_CHOICES = ( ('In progress','In progress'), ('On Hold', 'On Hold'), ('Cancelled','Cancelled'), ('Completed','Completed'), ) # Create your models here. class Task(models.Model): task_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) title = models.CharField(max_length=350) date_created = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now) status = models.CharField(max_length=15, choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default='In progress') date_completed = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True) def __str__(self): return self.title ``` Once models.py file has been updated, you need to run `makemigrations` and `migrate` commandas as shown below. ```bash python3 manage.py makemigrations Migrations for 'todoapp': todoapp\migrations\0001_initial.py - Create model Task ``` ```bash python3 manage.py migrate Operations to perform: Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions, todoapp Running migrations: Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK Applying auth.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK Applying auth.0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0010_alter_group_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0011_update_proxy_permissions... OK Applying auth.0012_alter_user_first_name_max_length... OK Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK Applying todoapp.0001_initial... OK ``` You also need to create superuser. ```bash python3 manage.py createsuperuser ``` You can login to `http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin` by using the ID created in previous command. To ensure the model created is visible to you, you need to add this model in admin.py in the `todoapp\admin.py` ```python from django.contrib import admin from .models import Task # Register your models here. admin.site.register(Task) ``` Once done, your admin screen will look like this.  Let us manually add tasks from admin screen. Now we need to display these tasks `templates\todo\index.html` ```html <h1> Task List</h1> <ul> {% for task in task_list %} <li><a href="details/{{task.task_id}}"><p>Task Name : {{task.title}} </p></a></li> {% endfor %} </ul> ```  Let us also add details page to display task details `templates\todo\details.html` ```html <h1> Task Details</h1> <p>Task id : {{task.task_id}} </p> <p>Task Title : {{task.title}} </p> <p>Task Date Created : {{task.date_created}} </p> <p>Task Status : {{task.status}} </p> ``` update `\todo\views.py` ```python def details(request, task_id): task = get_object_or_404(Task, task_id=task_id) return render(request, 'todo/details.html',{'task':task}) ``` updated `todoapp\urls.py` ```python from django.urls import path from . import views app_name = 'todo' urlpatterns = [ path('', views.index, name='index'), path('details/<task_id>/', views.details, name='details'), #added this line ] ``` Once these changes are done, you can run the application and then can see more details when you click on hyperlink. Please note the change in url and `task_id` in url.  Hope this was helpful. Please let me know your feedback.