Python strings are sequence of characters (unlike integers, floats, and booleans) enclosed in single or double quotes. The expression in brackets is called an index. The index indicates which character in the sequence you want to access.
#string index
city = "Pune"
print(city[0])
Strings are immutable. following wont work
greeting[0] = 'J'
s
Many a times we need to parse string or take some action on individual string characters. This can be done using while and for loop. Using while loop
i = 0
while i < len(city):
print(city[i])
i =i + 1
Using for loop
for letter in city:
print(letter)
The operator [n:m] returns the part of the string from the “n-eth” character to the “m-eth” character, including the first but excluding the last.
city = "Mumbai"
print(city[1:4])
print(city[:4])
print(city[3:4])
print(city[3:])
print(city[:-2])
print(city[-4:-1])
This is used to check if any character or sequnce of character exist in a string.
'a' in 'banana'
Strings provide methods that perform a variety of useful operations. A method is similar to a function—it takes arguments and returns a value—but the syntax is different.
input_statement = "Pune has a rich historical and cultural heritage. Pune is known as the 'Oxford of the East'."
print('input_statement as is :', input_statement)
print('input_statement.upper() :', input_statement.upper())
print('input_statement.lower() :', input_statement.lower())
print('input_statement.swapcase() :', input_statement.swapcase())
print('input_statement.encode() :', input_statement.encode(encoding='utf-8', errors='strict'))
print('input_statement.title() :', input_statement.title())
print('input_statement.split() :', input_statement.split())
print("input_statement.split('a') :", input_statement.split('a'))
input_statement as is : Pune has a rich historical and cultural heritage. Pune is known as the 'Oxford of the East'.
input_statement.upper() : PUNE HAS A RICH HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE. PUNE IS KNOWN AS THE 'OXFORD OF THE EAST'.
input_statement.lower() : pune has a rich historical and cultural heritage. pune is known as the 'oxford of the east'.
input_statement.swapcase() : pUNE HAS A RICH HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE. pUNE IS KNOWN AS THE 'oXFORD OF THE eAST'.
input_statement.encode() : b"Pune has a rich historical and cultural heritage. Pune is known as the 'Oxford of the East'."
input_statement.title() : Pune Has A Rich Historical And Cultural Heritage. Pune Is Known As The 'Oxford Of The East'.
input_statement.split() : ['Pune', 'has', 'a', 'rich', 'historical', 'and', 'cultural', 'heritage.', 'Pune', 'is', 'known', 'as', 'the', "'Oxford", 'of', 'the', "East'."]
input_statement.split('a') : ['Pune h', 's ', ' rich historic', 'l ', 'nd cultur', 'l herit', 'ge. Pune is known ', "s the 'Oxford of the E", "st'."]
If a integer is store as string, this can be detected using following functions
temp = '2'
temp.isdigit()
temp.isnumeric()
temp.isdecimal()
There is subtle difference between these three function and details can be ound here
post by Pravin